The leakage of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in industrial environments poses serious threats to human health and can lead to industrial safety incidents. However, existing gas sensors often suffer from limitations such as low selectivity and slow response times. This study focuses on developing a selective and rapid-response resistive gas sensor for real-time VOC monitoring. We synthesized and tested six silver nanoparticle (Ag-MPC) materials, including Ag@C6, Ag@C12, Ag@C16, Ag@MPC, Ag@C12/MPC, and Ag@C12/MBT. The resistance changes of these materials were measured in response to target gases, including 1-butanol, n-octane, and m-xylene, within a concentration range of 500-5000 ppm. The results showed that the Ag@C12 material, after functional group modification, exhibited significant selectivity toward 1-butanol, demonstrating its potential as a target gas sensing material. A LabVIEW-based monitoring system was designed to enable real-time detection. This system employs operational amplifiers and dual low-pass filters to achieve high-precision resistance measurements, allowing for stable VOC concentration monitoring and real-time alarms in industrial environments. Future research will focus on developing novel functionalized materials to enhance the ability to distinguish complex gas mixtures. We aim to create a low-cost, efficient sensing system that provides practical value for industrial safety monitoring.