花容失色-鳳凰花的旗瓣為何會先凋零? Fading away for self or for the big? Why does the Standard petal of the flower of Poinciana (Delonix regia) wither first?
The flowers of the Poinciana (Delonix regia) have five petals, with the Upper petal differing from the other red petals. It has a white base with red spots and is known as the ""Standard petal"" according to literature. Its function is to act as a nectar guide to attract pollinators. Observations have shown that the standard petal curls and withers early, which seems to contradict its role as a nectar guide. Our team hypothesized that this phenomenon is related to environmental factors and pollination methods.
Research has revealed that the withering of the standard petal is not related to the growth environment or whether pollen and nectar have been collected. Instead, it is related to the method of pollination. Cross-pollination (pollination between different plants) causes the standard petal to wither earlier. In the case of same-plant cross-pollination (pollination between different flowers of the same plant), the withering time of the standard petal is similar to its natural state. Self-pollination and no pollination delay the withering time of the standard petal.
Effective and successful cross-pollination leads to early withering of the standard petal, which hides the nectar guide and increases the chances of successful pollination for other flowers that have not yet been effectively pollinated, while also leading to the production of mature seed pods. Ineffective pollination causes the standard petal to wither later, allowing more time to wait for a successful pollination opportunity.